Research Integrity and Assessment

All manuscripts undergo a rigorous double-blind peer review process. Submissions are assessed for academic excellence, originality, and adherence to ethical standards. We reserve the right to recruit specialized reviewers to ensure the integrity of the published record.

Core Ethical Policies

• Originality and Plagiarism: We publish only original work. Manuscripts must not be under review elsewhere. We utilize advanced detection software to ensure authenticity.
• Duplicate Submission: If a manuscript is based on previous work, that work must be cited, and the author must demonstrate the novel contribution of the new submission.
• Citation Manipulation: Manuscripts that include citations intended only to artificially inflate metrics will be rejected.
• Data Integrity: Data fabrication and falsification, including the manipulation of images, are strictly prohibited.
• Author Contribution: All listed authors must have made significant scientific contributions and approved the final claims.

Conflict of Interest (COI)

Conflicts of interest occur when external factors could be perceived to affect the neutrality of the work. All potential conflicts must be declared during submission. Undeclared conflicts may lead to rejection, formal correction, or retraction of the article.